NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education, Safety Measures for Healthy Living Question Answers

Short Intro

Safety is one of the most important aspects of healthy living. This chapter explains important safety measures related to machines, electricity, medicines, insecticides, first aid, CPR, and substance abuse. Students learn how to prevent accidents, provide emergency care, and avoid harmful habits. These solutions are prepared in simple English for easy understanding and exam preparation.

Quick Information Box

Topic Details
Chapter Name Safety Measures for Healthy Living
Class 10
Subject Health and Physical Education
Main Topics First Aid, CPR, Safety Measures, Medicines, Substance Abuse
Important Skills Emergency Response, Prevention, Healthy Lifestyle
Exam Importance High

Concepts Used (Topics Covered)

  • Safety while working with machines
  • Handling insecticides safely
  • Electrical safety measures
  • First Aid and its importance
  • CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation)
  • Safe use of medicines
  • Substance abuse and prevention
  • Long-term effects of addiction

Important Formulas

CPR Ratio

30:2

  • 30 chest compressions
  • 2 rescue breaths

CPR Compression Rate

100\text{-}120\ \text{compressions per minute}

Questions & Step-by-step Solutions with Explanation

Q1. State three precautions one should take while working with a machine.

Answer:

The following precautions should be taken while working with a machine:

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Wash hands properly before handling machines so that oil or grease does not cause slipping.
  2. Avoid wearing loose clothes because they may get trapped in moving machine parts.
  3. Never touch moving parts of machines as they may cause burns or injuries.

Conclusion:

Careful handling of machines reduces the chances of accidents and injuries.

Q2. While opening a bottle containing liquid insecticide, the liquid fell on your clothes. How can you prevent its harmful effects on you?

Answer:

The following steps should be taken immediately:

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Remove the contaminated clothes immediately.
  2. Wash the affected body parts with plenty of soap and water.
  3. Take a bath as soon as possible.
  4. Wear clean clothes after washing properly.
  5. If irritation continues, consult a doctor immediately.

Conclusion:

Quick action can prevent insecticide poisoning and skin damage.

Q3. Electrical gadgets are used in all households. What are the requirements of these gadgets which will prevent you from getting an electric shock?

Answer:

Electrical gadgets should fulfill the following safety requirements:

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Use ISI-marked electrical appliances.
  2. Install MCBs (Miniature Circuit Breakers) in the house.
  3. Replace damaged wires, sockets, and switches immediately.
  4. Use gadgets with dry hands only.
  5. Wear rubber slippers while handling electrical appliances.

Conclusion:

Following electrical safety rules helps prevent electric shocks and accidents.

Q4. What do you understand by First Aid? What are the priorities you should keep in mind before administering first aid?

Answer:

First Aid is the immediate and temporary care given to an injured or sick person before professional medical help arrives.

Priorities of First Aid:

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Maintain ABC:

    • A → Airway
    • B → Breathing
    • C → Circulation

  2. Stop bleeding by applying pressure.
  3. Immobilise broken bones.
  4. Cool burns immediately.
  5. Treat injuries to eyes, nose, and ears.
  6. Apply bandages and dressings.
  7. Shift the patient to the nearest hospital or health centre.

Conclusion:

Proper first aid can save lives and prevent serious complications.

Q5. What is CPR? When and how is it practised?

Answer:

CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation) is an emergency life-saving technique used when a person stops breathing or the heart stops beating.

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Lay the patient on a flat surface.
  2. Open the airway by tilting the head backward and lifting the chin.
  3. Give chest compressions at the centre of the chest.
  4. Provide 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.

CPR Formula

30\ \text{compressions} : 2\ \text{breaths}

  1. Continue CPR until medical help arrives or the person recovers.

When CPR is Practised:

  • When a person is unconscious
  • When breathing has stopped
  • During cardiac arrest

Conclusion:

CPR helps maintain blood circulation and breathing during emergencies.

Q6. Why should you not practise ‘self-medication’?

Answer:

Self-medication should be avoided because it may harm the body if medicines are taken without medical advice.

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Wrong medicines may cause side effects.
  2. Incorrect doses can damage organs.
  3. Some medicines may cause allergies.
  4. Overuse of medicines can worsen the disease.
  5. Expired medicines may be dangerous.

Conclusion:

Medicines should always be taken under the supervision of a doctor.

Q7. What do you understand by the term substance abuse?

Answer:

Substance abuse means the non-medical use of drugs or harmful substances that negatively affect a person’s physical and mental health.

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Addictive substances alter brain function.
  2. People become dependent on these substances.
  3. Common abused substances include:

    • Tobacco
    • Alcohol
    • Gutka
    • Marijuana
    • Drugs and inhalants

Conclusion:

Substance abuse harms health, family life, and society.

Q8. List the long-term effects of substance abuse. If your friend falls into the trap of substance use, what will you do to dissuade him?

Answer:

Long-term Effects of Substance Abuse

Step-by-step Explanation:

  1. Damage to organs like lungs, liver, and heart
  2. Weak immunity and frequent illness
  3. Sleep disorders and poor hygiene
  4. Mental stress and depression
  5. Addiction and financial problems
  6. Increased risk of HIV/AIDS through unsafe injections
  7. Loss of interest in studies and work

What I Will Do to Help My Friend

  1. Explain the harmful effects of addiction.
  2. Encourage healthy activities like sports and yoga.
  3. Help him stay away from bad company.
  4. Inform parents or teachers if necessary.
  5. Motivate him to seek medical or counselling help.

Conclusion:

Awareness, emotional support, and positive guidance can help prevent substance abuse.

Common Mistakes

  • Ignoring safety rules while using machines
  • Touching electrical appliances with wet hands
  • Taking medicines without prescription
  • Delaying first aid during emergencies
  • Believing peer pressure related to smoking or alcohol
  • Using expired medicines

Exam Tips

  • Remember the full form of CPR.
  • Learn ABC of First Aid carefully.
  • Write answers in points for better presentation.
  • Mention examples while explaining substance abuse.
  • Use headings and subheadings in long answers.
  • Revise precautions related to electricity and medicines.

Practice MCQs

1. What does CPR stand for?

A. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
B. Cardio Pressure Recovery
C. Circulation Pulse Recovery
D. Chest Pressure Rescue

Correct Answer:

A. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

2. Which device protects from electrical overload?

A. Fuse
B. MCB
C. Bulb
D. Switch

Correct Answer:

B. MCB

3. Which of the following is a harmful addictive substance?

A. Milk
B. Water
C. Tobacco
D. Fruits

Correct Answer:

C. Tobacco

4. What should be checked first in First Aid?

A. Clothing
B. Hair
C. ABC
D. Shoes

Correct Answer:

C. ABC

5. Self-medication may cause:

A. Better immunity
B. Faster growth
C. Side effects
D. Increased strength

Correct Answer:

C. Side effects

FAQ Section

Q1. What is the importance of First Aid?

First Aid provides immediate help during emergencies and prevents the condition from becoming serious.

Q2. What is the ideal CPR ratio?

The ideal CPR ratio is 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths.

Q3. Why is substance abuse dangerous?

It damages physical and mental health and may lead to addiction and social problems.

Q4. Why should medicines be taken carefully?

Wrong medicines or incorrect doses can cause harmful side effects.

Q5. What precautions should be taken while handling electricity?

Use dry hands, ISI-marked appliances, MCBs, and avoid damaged wires.

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